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77 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
# The `split` command
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The `split` command in Linux is used to split a file into smaller files.
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### Examples
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1. Split a file into a smaller file using file name
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```
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split filename.txt
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```
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2. Split a file named filename into segments of 200 lines beginning with prefix file
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```
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split -l 200 filename file
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```
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This will create files of the name fileaa, fileab, fileac, filead, etc. of 200 lines.
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3. Split a file named filename into segments of 40 bytes with prefix file
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```
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split -b 40 filename file
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```
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This will create files of the name fileaa, fileab, fileac, filead, etc. of 40 bytes.
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4. Split a file using --verbose to see the files being created.
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```
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split filename.txt --verbose
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```
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### Syntax:
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```
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split [options] filename [prefix]
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```
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### Additional Flags and their Functionalities
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|**Short Flag** |**Long Flag** |**Description** |
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|:---|:---|:---|
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|`-a`|`--suffix-length=N`|Generate suffixes of length N (default 2)|
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||`--additional-suffix=SUFFIX`|Append an additional SUFFIX to file names|
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|`-b`|`--bytes=SIZE`|Put SIZE bytes per output file|
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|`-C`|`--line-bytes=SIZE`|Put at most SIZE bytes of records per output file|
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|`-d`| |Use numeric suffixes starting at 0, not alphabetic|
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||`--numeric-suffixes[=FROM]`|Same as -d, but allow setting the start value|
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|`-x`||Use hex suffixes starting at 0, not alphabetic|
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||`--hex-suffixes[=FROM]`|Same as -x, but allow setting the start value|
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|`-e`|`--elide-empty-files`|Do not generate empty output files with '-n'|
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||`--filter=COMMAND`|Write to shell COMMAND;<br>file name is $FILE|
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|`-l`|`--lines=NUMBER`|Put NUMBER lines/records per output file|
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|`-n`|`--number=CHUNKS`|Generate CHUNKS output files;<br>see explanation below|
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|`-t`|`--separator=SEP`|Use SEP instead of newline as the record separator;<br>'\0' (zero) specifies the NUL character|
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|`-u`|`--unbuffered`|Immediately copy input to output with '-n r/...'|
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||`--verbose`|Print a diagnostic just before each<br>output file is opened|
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||`--help`|Display this help and exit|
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||`--version`|Output version information and exit|
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The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024).
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Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000).
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CHUNKS may be:
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|**CHUNKS** |**Description** |
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|:---|:---|
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|`N`|Split into N files based on size of input|
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|`K/N`|Output Kth of N to stdout|
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|`l/N`|Split into N files without splitting lines/records|
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|`l/K/N`|Output Kth of N to stdout without splitting lines/records|
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|`r/N`|Like 'l' but use round robin distribution|
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|`r/K/N`|Likewise but only output Kth of N to stdout|
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