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3.7 KiB
Markdown
115 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
# The `date` command
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The `date` command is used to print the system current date and time.
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`date` command is also used to set the date and time of the system, but you need to be the super-user *(root)* to do it.
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### Examples:
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1. To show the current date and time:
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```
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date
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```
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2. You can use -u option to show the date and time in UTC *(Coordinated Universal Time)* time zone
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```
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date -u
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```
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1. To display any given date string in formatted date:
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```
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date --date="2/02/2010"
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date --date="2 years ago"
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```
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### Syntax:
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```
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date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
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date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
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```
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### Additional Flags and their Functionalities:
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|**Short Flag** |**Long Flag** |**Description** |
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|:---|:---|:---|
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|`-d`|`--date=STRING`|convert the provided string into formatted date|
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|`-f`|`--file=DATEFILE`|like `--date` but for files|
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|`-I[FMT]`|`--iso-8601[=FMT]`|Display date and time in ISO 8601 format|
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|`-r`|`--reference=FILE`|Display the last modification time of FILE|
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|`-s`|`--set=STRING`|sets the time to the one described by STRING|
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|`-u`|`--universal`|show the date and time in UTC *(Coordinated Universal Time)* time zone|
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|`-R`|`--rfc-email`|Display date and time in ISO 8601 format Example: (Fri, 22 Oct 2021 05:18:42 +0200)|
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|<center>-<center>|`rfc-3339=FMT`|Display date and time in RFC 3339 format|
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|<center>-<center>|`--debug`|Usually used with `--date` to annotate the parsed date and warn about questionable usage to stderr|
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### Control The output:
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You can use Format specifiers to control the output date and time.
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### Examples:
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|**Command** |**Output** |
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|:---|:---|
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|`$ date "+%D"`|`10/22/21`|
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|`$ date "+%D %T"`|`10/22/21 05:33:51`|
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|`$ date "+%A %B %d %T %y"`|`Friday October 22 05:34:47 21`|
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### Syntax:
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```
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date "+%[format-options ...]"
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```
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### List of Format specifiers to control the output:
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|**Specifiers** |**Description** |
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|:---|:---|
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|`%a`|abbreviated weekday name *(e.g., Sun)*|
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|`%A`|full weekday name *(e.g., Sunday)*|
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|`%b`|abbreviated month name *(e.g., Jan)*|
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|`%B`|full month name *(e.g., January)*|
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|`%c`|date and time *(e.g., Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005)*|
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|`%C`|century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20)|
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|`%d`|day of month (e.g., 01)|
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|`%D`|date; same as %m/%d/%y|
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|`%e`|day of month, space padded; same as %_d|
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|`%F`|full date; same as %Y-%m-%d|
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|`%g`|last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)|
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|`%G`|year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V|
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|`%h`|same as %b|
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|`%H`|hour (00..23)|
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|`%I`|hour (01..12)|
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|`%j`|day of year (001..366)|
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|`%k`|hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H|
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|`%l`|hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I|
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|`%m`|month (01..12)|
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|`%M`|minute (00..59)|
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|`%n`|a newline|
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|`%N`|nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)|
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|`%p`|locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known|
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|`%P`|like %p, but lower case|
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|`%q`|quarter of year (1..4)|
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|`%r`|locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)|
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|`%R`|24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M|
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|`%s`|seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC|
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|`%S`|second (00..60)|
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|`%t`|a tab|
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|`%T`|time; same as %H:%M:%S|
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|`%u`|day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday|
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|`%U`|week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)|
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|`%V`|ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)|
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|`%w`|day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday|
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|`%W`|week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)|
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|`%x`|locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)|
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|`%X`|locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)|
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|`%y`|last two digits of year (00..99)|
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|`%Y`|year|
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|`%z`|+hhmm numeric time zone (e.g., -0400)|
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|`%:z`|+hh:mm numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00)|
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|`%::z`|+hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)|
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|`%:::z`|numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)|
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|`%Z`|alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)|
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